Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd linkedin slideshare. Gravity drainage system article about gravity drainage. Gravity drainage eor methods have been applied to dipping and reef type reservoirs in the field projects and reported to yield high incremental oil recoveries. Several authors have tried to model this process using analytical, semianalytical and fully numerical means. Sagd bitumen oil sands steam assisted gravity drainage. The steam assisted gravity drainage sagd process involves the injection of steam through a horizontal well and the production of heavy oil through a lower horizontal well. A simplified view of steam trap control is displayed in fig. Comments the sagd process has been developed in ontario, then in alberta by imperial oil exxonmobil in the years 1970s. Pdf the sagd process is a promising recovery method for producing heavy oils and bitumen resources.
Drainage facts and stats steam assisted gravity drainage process in alberta, 80 per cent 2 billion barrels of the oil sands are buried too deep below the surface for open pit mining and can only be extracted by in situ in place methods such as steam assisted gravity drainage sagd. Actually, the difference of 10kpa between steam injection. Free gravity drainage occurs in reservoirs with high permeability and proper oil layer thickness that have reached low pressure levels, while forced gravity drainage occurs in reservoirs with dual porosity. Crosssection of the steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process.
Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd enhanced oil recovery slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Steam assisted gravity drainage facts and stats open. Impact of steam trap control on performance of steam. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is one of the most popular enhanced oil recovery technologies. This onepage fact sheet provides a quick overview of the steam assisted gravity drainage process sagd and some statistics on the use of sagd in alberta. Tractor conveyance of ranging technology to ensure proper construction of paired horizontal wells for sagd recovery in heavy oil sands. The general procedure for the gravity drainage test is as follows.
Steam is injected into the reservoir through the upper well. Add the desired volume of polymer solution all at once. Improved steam assisted gravity drainage sagd performance with solvent as steam additive. This method requires the generation of substantial quantities of steam, which is injected into a horizontal injection well parallel to and above a paired. Meg energy, a canadian oil sands company, uses steamassisted gravity drainage, or sagd, technology to recover bitumen from its oil sands leases in alberta. First, sagp process strictly control the injection of noncondensable gas, it is commonly less than 2 mol%. Keep the pours as similar as possible and avoid spilling sludge. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd is a techniquethat has been developedto ef. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd process water contains high concentrations of dissolved organic and inorganic matter. Steamassisted gravity drainage water analysis handook. Our clients consistently realize the full technical and financial potential of existing assets and capital projects the detailed analysis provided by solomons thermal oilsands operations performance analysis can help you uncover key areas of underperformance in your operations. Root cause analysis can then be used to identify appropriate methods of reducing costs and.
I where the steam fingers upward into a cold reservoir and oil flows downward in counter current flow, and 2 where oil drains downward along the interface or a laterally expanding steam zone 46. All drawings in this standard are given as examples and are not intended to exclude any other system configuration. Characterization and comparison of dissolved organic matter. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd facility kleinfelder. The upper injection well is used to inject steam into the deposit while the lower one production well collects the bitumen which drains. The supporting information is available free of charge on the acs. Files available from the acs website may be downloaded for personal use only. A thermal production method for heavy oil that pairs a highangle injection well with a nearby production well drilled along a parallel trajectory.
A steamassisted gravity drainage model for tar sands. The gravity drainage process can occur in the reservoirs in two forms. The detailed analysis provided by solomons thermal oilsands operations performance analysis can help you uncover key areas of underperformance in your operations. Gravity force is always present in the reservoir, but its effect is greater in thick gascondensate reservoirs and in shallow, highly permeable, steeply dipping reservoirs. The new eor technique mfagd, multithermal fluid assisted gravity drainage for thick heavy oil reservoir proposed in this study is also different with the steam alternativegaspush sagp process. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd is a drilling technique that is used to extract heavy oil that is. It is an advanced form of steam stimulation in which a pair of horizontal wells is drilled into the oil reservoir, one a few metres above the other. The pair of highangle wells is drilled with a vertical separation of about 5 m 16 ft. Gravityassisted drainage imaging in the assessment of. The applications of established thermal processes, such as sagd, are commonly required to achieve economic hydrocarbon recovery. Two now regimes for gravity drainage are possible, depending on how the steam is injected. The slot must be designed to allow free flow of fines and. The liquid pool at the base of the steam chamber prevents flow of steam directly from the injection well into the production well. A t 12 max between 10 and 20 minutes is considered equivocal.
The process involves drilling of a pair of wells in the oilsands formation. Assisted gravity drainage gagd is considered to be one of the most efficient methods for most reservoir conditions, especially reefs and dipping reservoirs. The procedure utilizes a pair of parallel horizontal wells, one at the bottom of the formation. Handbook steamassisted gravity drainage water analysis. Sketch of steamassisted gravity drainage sagd scheme, representative of the. Improved modeling of the steamassisted gravity drainage. Impact of steam trap control on performance of steamassisted. Gravity drainage article about gravity drainage by the. Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage with chemical and solvent additives mira kim masters of applied science graduate department of mechanical and industrial engineering university of toronto 2017 the introduction of steam assisted gravity drainage sagd brought a significant.
Effects of lean zones on steamassisted gravity drainage. Steam injection 8,9, insitu combustion and steam assisted gravity drainage sagd 10e12. Monitoring steamassisted gravity drainage sagd with eit herve gagnon1, alistair boyle1, michal okoniewski2, andy adler1 1carleton university, ottawa, canada 2acceleware ltd. Horizontal wells and steamassisted gravity drainage. Gravity drainage or gagd is the name given for the use of gas injection into the crestal primary or secondary gas cap, high on the reservoir structure to displace oil downdip toward the production. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd ide technologies.
Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage with. Gravity drainage article about gravity drainage by the free. On the evaluation of steam assisted gravity drainage in naturally fractured oil reservoirs seyed morteza tohidi hosseini a, shayan esfahani a, mehran hashemi doulatabadi a, abdolhossein hemmati sarapardeh a, amir h. In the steam assisted gravity drainage sagd process, heated oil drains from around growing steam chambers, driven by gravity, to lower horizontal wells. Dec 17, 2016 steam assisted gravity drainage sagd enhanced oil recovery slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Pdf design of flow control devices in steamassisted. Multithermal fluid assisted gravity drainage process. The gad image is a single, static image obtained after positioning the child in the upright position for five minutes to promote additional drainage of tracer from the collecting system. It is widely used in alberta, canada for recovery of heavy oil and tar sand resources. Butler proposed to use steam injection, coupled with horizontal well technology, to assist the movement of oil to a production well by means of gravitational forces. However, the economics of this process are highly sensitive to the efficiency of steam creation, delivery, and use, with a successful and unsuccessful sagd well pair often separated by how effectively thermal. Experimental design to optimize operating conditions for sagd. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd facility kleinfelders scope included design and generation of pipe fabrication drawings for all small bore offmodule piping 2 and under, purchasing of the small bore pipe and fittings, and materials management from suppliers to various fabrication facilities.
The steam assisted gravity drainage is a process to produce oil from tarsands. It makes limited provision for pipework conveying trade effluent and for fluids removed by pumps. Among the thermal processes, sagd is the most efficient and promising method which was. Sagd involves drilling a pair of 1 km long horizontal wells, one about 5 m above the other, from a. High pressure steam is continuously injected into the upper wellbore to heat the oil and reduce its viscosity.
The least common primary recovery mechanism in which the force of gravity pushes hydrocarbons out of the reservoir, into the wellbore and up to surface. Mar 23, 2017 steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an advanced form of steam stimulation, or an enhanced oil recovery technology. As the oil drains, the steam chamber advances into the reservoir. This part is the fourth in a series relating to the functional requirements of gravity drainage systems inside buildings. Influence of geomechanical processes on absolute permeability.
Measure 200 ml of wellmixed, fresh sludge into a 400 or 500 ml beaker. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd sagd is one technology that is changing the oil sands industry, but requires a continuous and growing supply of highquality water for steam production. Sand control in steam assisted gravity sagd wellbores prism. Controlling postcompletion flow in steamassisted gravity. Common problems in sagd wells include inadequate fluid production control in the completion, which leads to uneven steam conformance, lower sweep and thermal efficiencies along some sections of the lateral, adverse heeltotoe effects, and the risk of live steam entering the pro.
The displacement or the oil is systematic and high recoveries can be obtained. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an outstanding example of a steam injection process devised for a specific type of heavy oil reservoir utilizing horizontal wells. As the steam rises and expands, it heats up the heavy oil, reducing its viscosity. Horizontal wells and steam assisted gravity drainage. For a typical 16 hectare well spacing, the pressure drawdown is. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is a drilling technique that is used to extract heavy oil that is too deep or otherwise economically inefficient to. Horizontal wells and steamassisted gravity drainage butler.
A wide range of analytical techniques including electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, gas chromatographymass spectrometry, fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and fluorescence spectrophotometry have been utilized for the identification and measurement of. Characterization and comparison of dissolved organic. Steam assisted gravity drainage or sagd is a method that is widely used to extract bitumen from underground oil sands deposits. The thai technology offers a number of advantages over the current steamassisted gravity drainage system for heavy oil recovery, including 70 to 80 percent higher potential resource recovery, lower production and capital costs, minimal usage of natural gas and fresh water, the possibility of a partially upgraded crude oil product and significantly lower greenhouse emissions. Steam assisted gravity drainage altus intervention. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd is a thermal in situ heavy oil recovery process that was originally developed by butler 1991. On the evaluation of steam assisted gravity drainage in. The sagd concept steam assisted gravity drainage process sagd was introduced by the author and his former colleagues at imperial oil in the late 1970s 3, 4, 5. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. In this study, the co2assisted gravity drainage eor method is investigated in the. Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage. Field investigations and laboratory studies have confirmed that high oil recovery can be achieved in reefs and dipping reservoirs by implementing gagd process 1. The main research objectives of this simulation and experimental study are to investigate oil recovery mechanisms under sagd process with different injection fluids, including steam, solvent or steam with solvent. The new eor technique mfagd, multithermal fluid assisted gravity drainage for thick heavy oil reservoir proposed in this study is also different with the steamalternativegaspush sagp process.
Sagd reservoir characterization using geostatistics. However, in this type of fcd design, unlike to other applications of fcd, both heat and. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process water contains high. Design of flow control devices in steamassisted gravity. The application of steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is important because of the vast reserves accessible with this production mechanism. However, the economics of this process are highly sensitive to the efficiency of steam creation, delivery, and use, with a successful and unsuccessful sagd well pair often separated.
Alberta is recognized by its vast oil sands reserves. The athabasca oils sands, also known as the mcmurray formation, is located in northern alberta near fort mcmurray. The thai technology offers a number of advantages over the current steam assisted gravity drainage system for heavy oil recovery, including 70 to 80 percent higher potential resource recovery, lower production and capital costs, minimal usage of natural gas and fresh water, the possibility of a partially upgraded crude oil product and significantly lower greenhouse emissions. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is used widely as a thermal recovery technique in canada to produce a very viscous bitumen formation. Feasibility of electromagnetic methods to detect and image steamassisted gravity drainage steam chambers s.
The steam assisted gravity drainage sagd project is producing around 25,0000 barrels per day, although the company said it will not push the pace of new production given low oil prices. Thermal oilsands operations performance analysis our clients consistently realize the full technical and financial potential of existing assets and capital projects. Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage with chemical and solvent additives mira kim masters of applied science graduate department of mechanical and industrial engineering university of toronto 2017 the introduction of steamassistedgravity drainage sagd brought a. The steamassisted gravity drainage sagd project is producing around 25,0000 barrels per day, although the company said it will not push the pace of new production given low oil prices. This technology is particularly relevant in canada because it is the primary method of in situ extraction. Evaluation and optimization of gas assisted gravity. This method involves forcing steam into subsurface oil sands deposits to heat the bitumen locked in the sand, allowing it to flow well enough to be extracted. Steam injected into the system is at saturation conditions t s and p s and therefore its conditions lie on the steam saturation curve. Study of the parameters of steam assisted gravity drainage. Due to cooling of the reservoir fluids as they flow through and down the sides of the depletion chamber, fluid at the production well is at a lower temperature and depending on the flow could. Sagd is an enhanced oil recovery technology for producing heavy crude oil and bitumen.
Pdf steamassisted gravity drainage optimization for. In the steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process, heated oil drains from around growing steam chambers, driven by gravity, to lower horizontal wells. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is a thermal recovery technology used to produce. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an advanced form of steam stimulation, or an enhanced oil recovery technology. Monitoring steamassisted gravity drainage sagd with eit. Commercialization of the steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process has made recovery of heavy oilbitumen possible in a number of reservoirs hindered by hydrocarbon immobility. The steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process involves the injection of steam through a horizontal well and the production of heavy oil through a lower horizontal well. Bitumen recovery by steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is done by injecting steam into the formation to reduce bitumen viscosity. Definition sagd is the acronym of steam assisted gravity drainage.